: Consists of a Keikogi (heavy cotton jacket) and Hakama (traditional pleated trousers). These are traditionally navy blue.

: A solid wooden sword used for Kata (structured forms) rather than contact practice.

: Never step over a shinai or other equipment lying on the floor, as it is viewed as an extension of the soul.

: Instructors are addressed as Sensei . Common commands include Onegaishimasu (please practice with me) at the start of a session and Arigato Gozaimashita (thank you) at the end. 2. Essential Equipment

Beginners typically start with basic clothing and a practice sword before progressing to full protective armor ( Bogu ).

Kendo is often said to "begin and end with a bow." Etiquette is not just a formality; it is central to the practice of Budo (martial ways).

: The training hall is considered a sacred space. Practitioners perform a standing bow when entering and leaving.

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