Atopic dermatitis (AD), often referred to as eczema, is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease that affects millions of individuals globally. It is not merely a superficial skin irritation but a complex systemic condition characterized by intense itching (pruritus), dry skin (xerosis), and recurrent eczematous lesions. While typically associated with childhood, AD persists into or even begins during adulthood for a significant portion of the population. The disease represents a substantial global health burden, ranking as the leading cause of disability among nonfatal skin diseases. Etiology and Pathogenesis
The development of atopic dermatitis is multifactorial, involving a delicate interplay between genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, and immune system dysfunction. atopic dermatitis