Coyotaje

: Operations vary from small groups in rural ranchos to highly organized cells that coordinate transportation, "safe houses," and the final crossing through dangerous terrain like the Darien Gap or the Sonoran Desert. Social and Cultural Context

: Modern smugglers increasingly use social media platforms like TikTok and Facebook to advertise "guaranteed" trips, often using simple videos to build trust with potential customers. Coyotaje

: Migrants face extreme environmental hazards, including dehydration, exhaustion, and violence from both smugglers and authorities in militarized border zones. : Operations vary from small groups in rural