Istoria Biserici Ortodoxe -

As the Byzantine Empire fell, Russia emerged as a powerhouse of Orthodoxy. Moscow began to view itself as the "Third Rome," inheriting the mantle of the protector of the faith. The Rise of National Churches

The 7 Ecumenical Councils and the definition of core dogmas.

Thesis statement: The Orthodox Church maintained early Christian traditions while adapting to geopolitical shifts, resulting in a unique synthesis of theology, culture, and national identity. Istoria Biserici Ortodoxe

The Orthodox Church by Timothy (Kallistos) Ware — The most widely used English-language introduction to the history and theology of the Church.

Definition of Orthodoxy and its claim to apostolic succession. As the Byzantine Empire fell, Russia emerged as

was established during this time, defining the nature of the Holy Trinity.

The fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453 marked a major turning point. was established during this time, defining the nature

The Orthodox Church in the Byzantine Empire by J.M. Hussey — Excellent for understanding the medieval development of the Church.