Power Supplies - Switch-mode

Energy is stored in reactive components like inductors and capacitors during the "on" cycle and released to the load during the "off" cycle.

High-frequency transformers or inductors for energy storage and voltage transformation. Switch-Mode Power Supplies

A "chopper" (switching transistor) converts the DC voltage into a high-frequency pulse train. Energy is stored in reactive components like inductors

For AC-to-DC conversion, the input voltage is first rectified and filtered. Switch-Mode Power Supplies

Efficiently steps down voltage to a lower level.