Arq Link

) before needing an ACK. If a frame is lost, the receiver discards all subsequent frames, and the sender must retransmit all frames starting from the lost one. Better utilization than Stop-and-Wait. Cons: High retransmission overhead in poor channels. 3.3. Selective Repeat ARQ (SR)

ARQ is an indispensable tool for achieving reliable digital communication. While Stop-and-Wait is efficient for simple, low-delay networks, Go-Back-N and Selective Repeat are essential for modern high-speed networks. The hybrid approach (HARQ) offers the best balance of efficiency and reliability in modern wireless scenarios. ) before needing an ACK

Requires complex buffering and ordering at the receiver. 4. Performance Considerations Cons: High retransmission overhead in poor channels

The sender can transmit multiple frames (within a window size 3.2. Go-Back-N ARQ (GBN)

Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ): Reliable Data Transmission 1. Introduction

Low throughput on links with high propagation delay, as the channel remains idle while waiting for ACKs. 3.2. Go-Back-N ARQ (GBN)